If and when a president thus declared unable subsequently issues a declaration stating that they are able, then a four-day period begins during which the vice president remains acting president.[11][12]:38n137 If by the end of this period the vice president and a majority of the "principal officers of the executive departments" have not issued a second declaration of the president's incapacity, then the president resumes his powers and duties.
But if a second declaration of incapacity is issued within the four days, then the vice president remains acting president while Congress considers the matter. Then if within 21 days the Senate and the House determine, each by a two-thirds vote, that the president is unable, then the vice president continues as acting president; otherwise the president resumes his powers and duties.[note 2]
Section 4's requirement of a two-thirds vote of the House and a two-thirds vote of the Senate contrasts with the Constitution's procedure for removal of the president from office for "high crimes and misdemeanors" – a majority of the House followed by two-thirds of the Senate (Article I, Section 3, Clauses 5 and 6).[14][15]
The vice president's participation is an essential element; vacancy in the vice presidency rules out invocation of Section 4.[16]
A clever but evil President with 12 days to go, could let the Amendment take effect then as the clock ticks down, declaring himself able to return. With a short period of time left, both Houses would need 2/3 majority within days or hours. Failling to get that then the plan get that becomes tough.
If this seems farfetched, then what doesn't in 2020/2021?
But if a second declaration of incapacity is issued within the four days, then the vice president remains acting president while Congress considers the matter. Then if within 21 days the Senate and the House determine, each by a two-thirds vote, that the president is unable, then the vice president continues as acting president; otherwise the president resumes his powers and duties.[note 2]
Section 4's requirement of a two-thirds vote of the House and a two-thirds vote of the Senate contrasts with the Constitution's procedure for removal of the president from office for "high crimes and misdemeanors" – a majority of the House followed by two-thirds of the Senate (Article I, Section 3, Clauses 5 and 6).[14][15]
The vice president's participation is an essential element; vacancy in the vice presidency rules out invocation of Section 4.[16]
A clever but evil President with 12 days to go, could let the Amendment take effect then as the clock ticks down, declaring himself able to return. With a short period of time left, both Houses would need 2/3 majority within days or hours. Failling to get that then the plan get that becomes tough.
If this seems farfetched, then what doesn't in 2020/2021?