Turf has evolved exponentially over the years, but in the end it's still carpet over a parking lot.
A modern field turf football field typically consists of several layers beneath the synthetic turf surface to ensure performance, safety, and durability. From top to bottom, the layers are:
1. **Synthetic Turf Carpet**: The top layer, made of polyethylene or polypropylene fibers, mimics natural grass. It’s infilled with materials like crumb rubber, sand, or alternative infills (e.g., cork, coconut fiber) for cushioning and stability.
2. **Infill Layer**: Granular materials (crumb rubber, silica sand, or organic alternatives) fill the turf to support the fibers, provide shock absorption, and stabilize the surface.
3. **Shock Pad (Optional)**: A foam or rubber pad layer, typically 10-25 mm thick, enhances cushioning and impact absorption, reducing injury risk. Not all fields include this.
4. **Base Layer (Aggregate)**: A compacted layer of crushed stone or gravel, usually 4-6 inches thick, provides structural stability and load-bearing capacity.
5. **Sub-Base Layer**: A deeper layer of compacted soil, sand, or finer gravel, often 6-12 inches thick, ensures a level foundation and supports drainage.
6. **Drainage System**: Perforated pipes or a porous stone layer beneath or within the base directs water away to prevent pooling. Some fields use a flat drainage system integrated into the base.
7. **Geotextile Fabric (Optional)**: A permeable fabric layer may separate the sub-base from the native soil to prevent mixing and enhance stability.
8. **Native Soil or Subgrade**: The natural ground, compacted and graded for a stable foundation. It’s prepared to ensure proper drainage and support.
The exact composition and thickness of these layers vary based on the field’s design, climate, and manufacturer specifications (e.g., FieldTurf, AstroTurf). Proper drainage and shock absorption are critical for player safety and field longevity.
I agree, Rusty, just putting this here.